AP EAMCET (EAPCET) Botany Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

101. Mendel’s Law of Dominance states that:

a) The dominant trait is always inherited.
b) Only recessive traits are inherited.
c) The dominant allele masks the expression of the recessive allele in a heterozygous condition.
d) Both alleles are equally expressed in heterozygous condition.

Answer: c) The dominant allele masks the expression of the recessive allele in a heterozygous condition.

102. What is the expected phenotypic ratio of the offspring in a monohybrid cross between two heterozygous pea plants (Tt x Tt)?

a) 1:1
b) 3:1
c) 1:2:1
d) 2:1

Answer: b) 3:1

103. In a test cross, an individual with a dominant phenotype is crossed with an individual with a recessive phenotype. The progeny showing both dominant and recessive traits indicates that the dominant individual is:

a) Homozygous
b) Heterozygous
c) Diploid
d) Polyploid

Answer: b) Heterozygous

104. Which of the following is an example of incomplete dominance?

a) Blood group inheritance
b) Flower color in snapdragons (Red x White → Pink)
c) Tendency for brown eyes over blue eyes
d) Pea plant seed color (Yellow x Green)

Answer: b) Flower color in snapdragons (Red x White → Pink)

105. Co-dominance is demonstrated in the inheritance of:

a) Human blood groups (ABO system)
b) Height in humans
c) Flower color in snapdragons
d) Mendel’s pea plant traits

Answer: a) Human blood groups (ABO system)

106. According to the Law of Independent Assortment, alleles of different genes:

a) Always segregate together.
b) Separate independently during gamete formation.
c) Always segregate independently of each other.
d) Do not segregate during gamete formation.

Answer: b) Separate independently during gamete formation.

107. The chromosomal theory of inheritance was proposed by:

a) Gregor Mendel
b) Thomas Hunt Morgan
c) Charles Darwin
d) Alfred Russel Wallace

Answer: b) Thomas Hunt Morgan

108. Which of the following refers to the physical exchange of segments between homologous chromosomes during meiosis?

a) Linkage
b) Recombination
c) Mutation
d) Segregation

Answer: b) Recombination

109. A mutation is significant because it can:

a) Always result in a beneficial trait.
b) Lead to changes in genetic diversity and evolution.
c) Only cause genetic disorders.
d) Always be harmful to the organism.

Answer: b) Lead to changes in genetic diversity and evolution.

110. Linkage refers to:

a) The inheritance of traits on different chromosomes.
b) The tendency of genes located close together on the same chromosome to be inherited together.
c) The interaction between dominant and recessive alleles.
d) The process of recombination during meiosis.

Answer: b) The tendency of genes located close together on the same chromosome to be inherited together.