AP EAMCET (EAPCET) Botany Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

121. Which of the following is a key principle of biotechnology?

a) Photosynthesis manipulation
b) Recombinant DNA technology
c) Hybridization of plants
d) Use of fertilizers in crops

Answer: b) Recombinant DNA technology

122. Who constructed the first artificial recombinant DNA molecule?

a) James Watson
b) Paul Berg
c) Francis Crick
d) Alexander Fleming

Answer: b) Paul Berg

123. Which of the following tools is used in Recombinant DNA Technology to cut DNA at specific locations?

a) DNA polymerase
b) Restriction enzymes
c) Ribozymes
d) Ligase

Answer: b) Restriction enzymes

124. What is a "competent host" in recombinant DNA technology?

a) A cell that has undergone mutation
b) A host cell that can incorporate recombinant DNA
c) A cell that is unable to divide
d) A virus that transfers genes to a host cell

Answer: b) A host cell that can incorporate recombinant DNA

125. Which of the following is a common process used to amplify a gene of interest?

a) Gel electrophoresis
b) PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction)
c) Transfection
d) Cloning

Answer: b) PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction)

126. What is the primary purpose of using a cloning vector in recombinant DNA technology?

a) To isolate the gene of interest
b) To cut DNA into fragments
c) To transfer the gene into a host cell
d) To amplify the gene of interest

Answer: c) To transfer the gene into a host cell

127. Which of the following is an application of biotechnology in agriculture?

a) Insulin production
b) Bt cotton for pest resistance
c) Gene therapy
d) Molecular diagnosis

Answer: b) Bt cotton for pest resistance

128. What is ELISA used for in biotechnology?

a) Amplification of DNA
b) Protein identification and quantification
c) Gene cloning
d) DNA sequencing

Answer: b) Protein identification and quantification

129. What is the primary concern of biopiracy?

a) The ethical use of genetically modified organisms
b) Unauthorized use and patenting of biological resources
c) The safety of recombinant DNA products
d) The environmental impact of biotechnology

Answer: b) Unauthorized use and patenting of biological resources

130. What is the main purpose of downstream processing in biotechnology?

a) Isolation of genetic material
b) Amplification of target genes
c) Purification and extraction of the foreign gene product
d) Cloning of genes into vectors

Answer: c) Purification and extraction of the foreign gene product