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AP ECET CHEMISTRY Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)
AP ECET Chemistry - Atomic Structure
1. Which of the following is a fundamental particle of an atom?
- a) Proton
- b) Electron
- c) Neutron
- d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
2. Who proposed the first model of the atom with quantized orbits?
- a) J.J. Thomson
- b) Ernest Rutherford
- c) Niels Bohr
- d) John Dalton
Answer: c) Niels Bohr
3. The quantum number that specifies the shape of an orbital is:
- a) Principal quantum number
- b) Azimuthal quantum number
- c) Magnetic quantum number
- d) Spin quantum number
Answer: b) Azimuthal quantum number
4. What is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy an s orbital?
- a) 1
- b) 2
- c) 4
- d) 6
Answer: b) 2
5. According to the Aufbau principle, electrons fill orbitals in order of:
- a) Decreasing energy
- b) Increasing energy
- c) Randomly
- d) None of the above
Answer: b) Increasing energy
6. Which rule states that electrons occupy orbitals of the same energy level singly before pairing?
- a) Pauli’s exclusion principle
- b) Aufbau principle
- c) Hund’s rule
- d) Dalton’s law
Answer: c) Hund’s rule
7. The electronic configuration of carbon (atomic number 6) is:
- a) 1s² 2s² 2p²
- b) 1s² 2s¹ 2p³
- c) 1s² 2s² 2p⁴
- d) 1s¹ 2s² 2p³
Answer: a) 1s² 2s² 2p²
8. The shape of an s orbital is:
- a) Dumbbell-shaped
- b) Spherical
- c) Elliptical
- d) None of the above
Answer: b) Spherical
9. The maximum number of electrons that can occupy the third energy level is:
- a) 2
- b) 8
- c) 18
- d) 32
Answer: c) 18
10. The principal quantum number represents:
- a) Shape of the orbital
- b) Size and energy of the orbital
- c) Orientation of the orbital
- d) Spin of the electron
Answer: b) Size and energy of the orbital
11. Which of the following orbitals has a dumbbell shape?
- a) s
- b) p
- c) d
- d) f
Answer: b) p
12. According to Pauli’s exclusion principle, no two electrons in the same atom can have:
- a) The same energy
- b) The same set of all four quantum numbers
- c) The same spin
- d) The same orbital
Answer: b) The same set of all four quantum numbers
13. The electronic configuration of magnesium (atomic number 12) is:
- a) 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s²
- b) 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3p²
- c) 1s² 2s² 2p⁶
- d) 1s² 2s¹ 2p⁶
Answer: a) 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s²
14. Which quantum number determines the orientation of an orbital?
- a) Principal quantum number
- b) Azimuthal quantum number
- c) Magnetic quantum number
- d) Spin quantum number
Answer: c) Magnetic quantum number
15. The number of orbitals in the d subshell is:
- a) 1
- b) 3
- c) 5
- d) 7
Answer: c) 5
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