AP ECET PHYSICS Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

AP ECET Physics: Modern Physics - MCQs

1. 121. The phenomenon of photoelectric effect was first explained by:
   A) Albert Einstein
   B) Niels Bohr
   C) Max Planck
   D) Thomas Edison
   Answer: A) Albert Einstein
2. 122. In the photoelectric effect, electrons are emitted from a metal surface when:
   A) Light of any wavelength is incident on the surface
   B) Light of wavelength less than a certain threshold is incident on the surface
   C) The metal surface is heated
   D) An electric field is applied
   Answer: B) Light of wavelength less than a certain threshold is incident on the surface
3. 123. The work function of a metal is:
   A) The energy required to release an electron from the metal surface
   B) The energy required to excite an electron to a higher energy level
   C) The energy required to ionize the metal
   D) The energy required to break the bonds between atoms
   Answer: A) The energy required to release an electron from the metal surface
4. 124. The equation that describes the photoelectric effect is:
   A) E = hf - W
   B) E = mc²
   C) E = mc² + hf
   D) E = hf + W
   Answer: A) E = hf - W
5. 125. In the photoelectric effect, the maximum kinetic energy of emitted electrons depends on:
   A) The intensity of light
   B) The frequency of light
   C) The wavelength of light
   D) The temperature of the metal
   Answer: B) The frequency of light
6. 126. The critical angle for total internal reflection is defined as:
   A) The angle of incidence above which total internal reflection occurs
   B) The angle at which light refracts at 90° inside the medium
   C) The angle where light is totally absorbed
   D) The angle at which light passes straight through the interface
   Answer: A) The angle of incidence above which total internal reflection occurs
7. 127. Which of the following is true for total internal reflection?
   A) It occurs when the angle of incidence is less than the critical angle
   B) It occurs when light travels from a medium of higher refractive index to a medium of lower refractive index
   C) It occurs when the angle of refraction is 90°
   D) Both B and C are correct
   Answer: D) Both B and C are correct
8. 128. Optical fibers work based on the principle of:
   A) Refraction
   B) Diffraction
   C) Total internal reflection
   D) Polarization
   Answer: C) Total internal reflection
9. 129. Which of the following is NOT a type of optical fiber?
   A) Single-mode fiber
   B) Multi-mode fiber
   C) Step-index fiber
   D) Conical fiber
   Answer: D) Conical fiber
10. 130. The main application of optical fibers is in:
    A) Power transmission
    B) Communication systems
    C) Thermal insulation
    D) Electric motors
    Answer: B) Communication systems
11. 131. Superconductivity is the phenomenon in which a material:
    A) Exhibits infinite resistance at very low temperatures
    B) Exhibits zero electrical resistance at very low temperatures
    C) Becomes highly magnetic at low temperatures
    D) Becomes highly conductive at high temperatures
    Answer: B) Exhibits zero electrical resistance at very low temperatures
12. 132. The transition temperature below which a material becomes superconducting is called:
    A) Curie temperature
    B) Bose-Einstein temperature
    C) Critical temperature
    D) Kelvin temperature
    Answer: C) Critical temperature
13. 133. Which of the following is a property of superconductors?
    A) They exhibit perfect diamagnetism (Meissner effect)
    B) They have infinite resistance below the critical temperature
    C) They have high electrical resistance at low temperatures
    D) They are non-conductive at low temperatures
    Answer: A) They exhibit perfect diamagnetism (Meissner effect)
14. 134. One of the applications of superconductivity is:
    A) High-efficiency electrical motors
    B) Medical imaging (MRI)
    C) Quantum computing
    D) All of the above
    Answer: D) All of the above
15. 135. Which of the following materials can exhibit superconductivity?
    A) Copper
    B) Aluminum
    C) Yttrium barium copper oxide (YBCO)
    D) Iron
    Answer: C) Yttrium barium copper oxide (YBCO)

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